which of the following best explains diffusion?

Since diffusion is powered primarily by the probability of molecules moving away from a region of higher saturation, it immediately follows that when the medium (or solvent) has a very low concentration of the solute, the probability of a molecule diffusing away from the central area is higher. If a person goes to the hospital for surgery and requires IV (intravenous) fluids, which of the following should you expect? In this conformation, the pump no longer likes to bind to sodium ions (has a low affinity for them), so the three sodium ions are released outside the cell. yes, dimensions also play a role in the case of transport. Therefore, the rate of diffusion of the gas into air also increases. tonicity: the amount of solute in a solution. Direct link to William H's post If for example there are , Posted 5 years ago. Also, it is spatially more available than in the case of ATP. This process continues until the voltage across the membrane is large enough to counterbalance potassiums concentration gradient. Therefore, they are NOT able to __________. B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum Channels are very selective and will accept only one type of molecule (or a few closely related molecules) for transport. Sheep production is an example of extensive agriculture requiring large pastures, whereas poultry production is an example of intensive agriculture often practiced indoors. Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post Because it is faster to u, Posted 7 years ago. Have you ever colored a picture with marker and noticed that two touching colors begin to bleed together? For each of the following cases, determine whether the cycle operates reversibly, operates irreversibly, or is impossible. Imagine you're preparing a barbecue of grilled chicken and salad for friends. An open beaker of water in equilibrium with water vapour is in a sealed container. Everything in the cell sits in the cytosol, like fruit in a Jell-o mold. The inside of all cells also contain a jelly-like substance called cytosol. When the roommate told the Emergency Department doctor what had happened, the doctor quickly began administering IV (intravenous) fluids. Why Do Giant Pandas Have Low Libido? Epinephrine is taken into the cell by endocytosis; glycogen is converted to glucose in the endocytotic vesicle. An electrical potential difference exists whenever there is a net separation of charges in space. A. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. If the ECF is more concentrated than the cytosol, then the ECF is: A primary active transport process is one in which __________. The images shown illustrate the differences in scale of production for two methods of producing thread. Not everything can make it into your cells. The mechanization of farming in the Second Agricultural Revolution resulted in more reliable crop harvests and healthier populations in areas where the mechanization was adopted. Question 12 30 seconds Q. Imagine this just like a hydroelectric power station uses the energy of water flowing down the waterfall to create electricity. Terms of Service. Epinephrine binds to a cell-surface receptor; the activated receptor catalyzes the conversion of glycogen to glucose. When these molecules collide with one another, there is a change in the direction of movement as well as changes to momentum and velocity. Water is attracted to the compartment with a lower osmotic pressure. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? Direct link to Yuya Fujikawa's post Hi, I'm just a little cur, Posted 5 years ago. Which of the following best explains the potential impact of rising global temperatures on agricultural regions? It will bind two of them, and this triggers removal of the phosphate group attached to the pump in step 2. _{15}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \beta+^{32} \mathrm{b} \end{aligned} Typically, diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from high concentrations to lower concentrations. Diffusion is an important part of many biological and chemical processes. Think of how delicious smells from your kitchen take longer to get into your bedroom than to your living room which is located right beside the kitchen. A) greater collision frequency and more effective collisions B) increasing the number of particles in a given volume increases collision frequency C) weakens the bonds in the reactants so that they are easier to break D) better orientation of the reactant Direct link to City Face's post Because a solute moving d, Posted 7 years ago. this monosaccharide yields the most energy of all macromolecules. What type of membrane junction allows ions to pass directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of the adjacent cell? This occurs because there is a net movement of sugar molecules into the water medium. start superscript, 2, comma, 3, end superscript, start superscript, 4, comma, 5, end superscript. Option C is the correct answer because Cultural divergence (CD) happens when two cultures separate, therefore CD explains the best concept of driving forces of contemporary cultural diffusion. are in the same box the next time you log in. The reaction proceeds as the two reactants diffuse towards each other and undergo a chemical reaction to form esters. As time progresses, the differential gradient of concentrations between high and low will drop (become increasingly . When the sodium ions bind, they trigger the pump to hydrolyze (break down) ATP. In biological systems, diffusion occurs at every moment, across membranes in every cell as well as through the body. You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows: If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they Type of active transport in which sodium and potassium are pumped across a membrane using ATP, Type of passive process in which water is moved through aquaporins, Type of passive process in which molecules move across the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient, Type of active process in which the cell engulfs extracellular substances by phagocytosis or pinocytosis. The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient's blood. Because of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of the phospholipid, the molecule must be arranged in a specific pattern as only certain parts of the molecule can physically be in contact with water. See our Because of the increased capital investment required to produce new crop varieties using technology that was pioneered in more developed countries, there was an increase in wealth disparity in many farming communities in less developed countries. In an isotonic solution, the flow of water in and out of the cell is happening at the same rate. In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. This way, the capillaries remain at a low carbon dioxide concentration, allowing the constant movement of the molecule away from cells. Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of the cytoskeleton? In other words, plasma . If the alveoli in our lungs fill with fluid (pulmonary edema), the distance the gases must travel increases, and their transport decreases. Diffusion is the mixing of substances due to the movement of their particles. Small-scale farmers in Asia often lacked the resources necessary to acquire the hybrid . Prior to this, very few animals had been domesticated in the Americas. Channels Channel proteins span the membrane and make hydrophilic tunnels across it, allowing their target molecules to pass through by diffusion. Question 56. Active transport mechanisms can be divided into two categories. Philibert, J. The two images show different agricultural methods. This creates a concentration gradient, with concentration of carbon dioxide gradually decreasing with distance from the lump of dry ice. Diffusion will continue until the concentration gradient has been eliminated. For instance, when water is mixed with glycerol, over time the two liquids diffuse radially into each other. Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to the lower, it is described as moving solutes "down the concentration gradient". The electrochemical gradients set up by primary active transport store energy, which can be released as the ions move back down their gradients. However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape. This means that the dry ice (or even regular ice) will evaporate faster on a warmer day, simply because each molecule is moving with greater energy and is more likely to quickly escape the confines of a solid state. synthesize ATP, Which of the following organelles synthesizes proteins? The river in the long lot survey system provided better access to waterways to transport goods to market. C. Secondary active transport occurs when the movement of one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance. Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? This page titled 8.4: Osmosis and Diffusion is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by CK-12 Foundation. The difference in the concentrations of the molecules in the two areas is called the concentration gradient. Simple diffusion is merely the movement of molecules along their concentration gradient without the direct involvement of any other molecules. answer choices Through the process of ethnocentrism, American culture has spread throughout the world. Instead of feeling drunk, she felt nauseated, developed a severe headache, began to get confused, and then became unconscious. Incorrect options: Option A is incorrect because space-time compression is the shortened time or communication between two places. i dont quite understand the secondary active transport. In chemical processes, diffusion is often the central principle driving many reactions. Large polar molecules cannot diffuse across a biological membrane B. Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange? It mainly occur in liquid and gaseous substance as their particle can easily move from one place to another. Direct link to zykeriaprice2's post what is the main differen, Posted 7 years ago. So the phospholipids are arranged in a double layer (a bilayer) to keep the cell separate from its environment. Because of the difference in sodium concentration (between the inside and outside of the cell) and due to the electrical potential difference (between the inside and outside of the cell), the SGLT is able to perform its function. The membrane potential of a typical cell is -40 to -80 millivolts, with the minus sign meaning that inside of the cell is more negative than the outside, As an example of how the membrane potential can affect ion movement, lets look at sodium and potassium ions. LEFT ARROW - move card to the Don't know pile. (Show the details. C. Secondary active transport occurs when the movement of one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance. The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Which of the following substances must travel across a membrane via facilitated diffusion? Irrigation increases the salt content of the soil, which disrupts the growth of crops and degrades soil fertility. A. answer choices The English language initially diffused to North America through the process of relocation diffusion. (a) Osmosis UEE Main-2020 (Septeimbern) (c) Diffusion (b) Reverse osmosis (d) Dialysis 26. Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. Diffusion is the movement when molecules move from higher concentrated area to lower concentrated area. For example, oxygen is at a higher concentration inside arteries and arterioles, when compared with the oxygen levels in actively respiring cells. If you find an example of where hot or cold water is used for something that might involve diffusion, see if you can try it with the opposite and observe any differences in the results. D. Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell with its concentration gradient. Which of the following best explains the economic advantage of the type of farm-produced goods shown in the images? Which of the following is the best situation for maintaining homeostasis? His feet and legs were swollen with fluid. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until . This statement describes _____. In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. Which of the following explains why oranges are available. What process does water use to move across the plasma membrane? In its outward-facing form, the pump switches allegiances and now really likes to bind to (has a high affinity for) potassium ions. With the phosphate group gone, the pump will change back to its original form, opening towards the interior of the cell. how does the antiporter provide energy for molecules to go in the "opposite" direction? Imagine now that you have a second cup with \(100 \: \text{mL}\) of water, and you add \(45 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water.

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